My Domains Isp V4 Serial' title='My Domains Isp V4 Serial' />Blog Entry Using Serial Peripheral Interface SPI Master and Slave with Atmel AVR Microcontroller June 2. Microcontroller. Sometimes we need to. Sometimes we need to extend or add more IO ports to our microcontroller based project. Because usually we only have a limited IO port left than the logical choice is to use the serial data transfer method which usually only requires from one up to four ports for doing the data transfer. Currently there are few types of modern embedded system serial data transfer interface widely supported by most of the chip s manufactures such as I2. C read as I square C, SPI Serial Peripheral Interface, 1 Wire One Wire, Controller Area Network CAN, USB Universal Serial Bus and the RS 2. IA8WM/WFQA5v3EFpI/AAAAAAAAMFw/O3r1NcSUBvYno_PTexw9eRGpg1tlFL9cwCLcB/s740/yandex-email.png' alt='My Domains Isp V4 Serial' title='My Domains Isp V4 Serial' />RS 4. RS 4. RS 4. 85. The last three interface types is used for long connection between the microcontroller and the devices, up to 1. RS 4. 85 specification, while the first three is used for short range connection. Among these serial data transfer interface types, SPI is considered the fastest synchronous with full duplex serial data transfer interface and can be clocked up to 1. MHz that is why it is widely used as the interface method to the high speed demand peripheral such as the Microchip Ethernet controller ENC2. J6. 0, Multi Media Card MMC Flash Memory, Microchip SPI IO MCP2. S1. 7, Microchip 1. My Domains Isp V4 Serial' title='My Domains Isp V4 Serial' />K SPI EEPROM 2. AA1. ADC, sensors, etc. In this tutorial we will learn how to utilize the Atmel AVR ATMega. SPI peripheral to expand the ATMega. IO ports and to communicate between two microcontrollers with the SPI peripheral where one microcontroller is configured as a master and other as a slave. Using this site ARM Forums and knowledge articles Most popular knowledge articles Frequently asked questions How do I navigate the siteThe principal we learn here could be applied to other types of microcontroller families. Serial Peripheral Interface SPIThe standard Serial Peripheral Interface uses a minimum of three line ports for communicating with a single SPI device SPI slave, with the chip select pin CS is being always connected to the ground enable. If more the one SPI devices is connected to the same bus, then we need four ports and use the fourth port SS pin on the ATMega. SPI device before starting to communicate with it. If more then three SPI slave devices, then it is better to use from three to eight channels decoder chip such as 7. HC1. 38 families. Since the SPI protocol uses full duplex synchronous serial data transfer method, it could transfer the data and at the same time receiving the slave data using its internal shift register. My Domains Isp V4 Serial' title='My Domains Isp V4 Serial' />Oops Not Again writes. I still cant connect to my ISP not Bigpond I have heard that the MAC address is used to stop the modem being used on other providers. Access all product datasheets and specification information on Kalkitech Smart Grid solutions. CCNA 2 v5. 02 v5. RS Essentials Final Exam 2016. Last update Dic. 2016. What are two features of a linkstate routing protocol Choose two. SubInACL is a commandline tool that enables administrators to obtain security information about files, registry keys, and services, and transfer this. My Domains Isp V4 Serial' title='My Domains Isp V4 Serial' />From the SPI master and slave interconnection diagram above you could see that the SPI peripheral use the shift register to transfer and receive the data, for example the master want to transfer 0b. E to the slave and at the same time the slave device also want to transfer the 0b. By activating the CS chip select pin on the slave device, now the slave is ready to receive the data. On the first clock cycle both master and slave shift register will shift their registers content one bit to the left the SPI slave will receive the first bit from the master on its LSB register while at he same time the SPI master will receive its first data from slave on its LSB register. Continuously using the same principal for each bit, the complete data transfer between master and slave will be done in 8 clock cycle. By using the highest possible clock allowed such as the Microchip MCP2. S1. 7 SPI slave IO device 1. MHz than the complete data transfer between the microcontroller and this SPI IO port could be achieve in 0. As you understand how the SPI principal works, now its time to implement it with the Atmel AVR ATMega. The following is the list of hardware and software used in this project 7. HC5. 95, 8 bit shift registers with output latch. Microchip MCP2. 3S1. SPI IO Expander. AVRJazz Mega. AVR ATmega. 16. 8 microcontroller board schema. Win. AVR for the GNU s C compiler. Atmel AVR Studio 4 for the coding and debugging environment. STK5. 00 programmer from AVR Studio 4, using the AVRJazz Mega. STK5. 00 v. 2. 0 bootloader facility. Expanding Output Port with 7. HC5. 95 8 bit Shift Registers. Because the basic operation of SPI peripheral is a shift register, then we could simply use the 8 bit shift register with output latch to expand the output port. The 1. 6 pins 7. 4HC5. The 7. 4HC5. 95 device has 8 bit serial in, parallel out shift register that feeds directly to the 8 bit D type storage register. The 8 bit serial in shift register has its own input clock pin named SCK, while the D Latch 8 bit registers use pin named RCK for transferring latching the 8 bit shift registers output to D Latch output registers. In normal operation according to the truth table above the 7. HC5. 95 shift registers clear pin SCLR should be put on logical high and the 8 bit D Latch buffer output enable pin G should be put on logical low. By feeding the serial input pin SER with AVR ATMega. MOSI and connecting the master synchronous clock SCK to the 7. HC5. 95 shift registers clock SCK, we could simply use the 7. HC5. 95 as the SPI slave device. Optionally we could connect the 7. HC5. 95 Q H output pin shift registers MSB bit to the master in slave out pin MISO this optional connection will simply returns the previous value of the shift registers to the SPI master register. Now let s take a look to the C code for sending simple chaser LED display to the 7. HC5. 95 output Description SPI IO Using 7. HC5. 95 8 bit shift registers Target AVRJazz Mega. Board Compiler AVR GCC 4. Win. AVR 2. 00. 80. IDE Atmel AVR Studio 4. Adobe Acrobat Pdf Duplex. Programmer AVRJazz Mega. STK5. 00 v. 2. 0 Bootloader AVR Visual Studio 4. STK5. 00 programmerunsigned char SPIWrite. Read unsigned char dataout Wait for transmission complete Latch the Output using rising pulse to the RCK Pindelayus 1 Hold pulse for 1 micro second Return Serial In Value MISO Initial the AVR ATMega. SPI Peripheral Set MOSI and SCK as output, others as input Enable SPI, Master, set clock rate fck2 maximum. AVR Serial Peripheral Interface. The principal operation of the SPI is simple but rather then to create our own bit bang algorithm to send the data, the build in SPI peripheral inside the Atmel AVR ATMega. SPI programming become easier as we just passing our data to the SPI data register SPDR and let the AVR ATMega. SPI peripheral do the job to send and read the data from the SPI slave device. To initialize the SPI peripheral inside the ATMega. SPI master and set the master clock frequency using the SPI control register SPCR and SPI status register SPST, for more information please refer to the AVR ATMega. The first thing before we use the SPI peripheral is to set the SPI port for SPI master operation MOSI PB3 and SCK PB5 as output port and MISO PB4 is the input port, while the SS can be any port for SPI master operation but on this tutorial we will use the PB2 to select the SPI slave device. The following C code is used to set these SPI ports. After initializing the ports now we have to enable the SPI by setting the SPE SPI enable bit to logical 1 and selecting the SPI master operation by setting the MSTR bit to logical 1 in the SPCR register. For all other bits we just use its default value logical 0 such as the data order DORD bit for first transferring MSB, using the rising clock for the master clock on clock polarity CPOL bit and sampled the data on leading edge clock phase CPHA bit. Because the 7. 4HC5. Mhz clock rate, then I use the fastest clock that can be generated by the ATMega. SPI peripheral which is fsc2 the AVRJazz Mega. CCNA 2 R S Routing and Switching Essentials Final Exam Answers v. CCNA 2 R S Routing and Switching Essentials Final Exam Answers v. CCNA 2 v. 5. 0. 2 v. R S Essentials Final Exam 2. Last update Dic. 2. What are two features of a link state routing protocol Choose two. The database information for each router is obtained from the same source. Routers send triggered updates in response to a change. Routers create a topology of the network by using information from other routers. Paths are chosen based on the lowest number of hops to the designated router. Routers send periodic updates only to neighboring routers. Fill in the blank. In IPv. 6, all routes are level   1  ultimate routes. Which switching method drops frames that fail the FCS check Which summary IPv. S000ipv. 6 route 2. S000ipv. 6 route 2. S000ipv. 6 route 2. S000. 1. 3. When a Cisco switch receives untagged frames on a 8. Q trunk port, which VLAN ID is the traffic switched to by default VLAN IDnative VLAN ID nused VLAN IDmanagement VLAN ID7. A college marketing department has a networked storage device that uses the IP address 1. TCP port 4. 43 for encryption, and UDP port 4. The college already uses PAT on the router that connects to the Internet. The router interface has the public IP address of 2. The IP NAT pool currently uses the IP addresses ranging from 2. Which configuration would the network administrator add to allow this device to be accessed by the marketing personnel from home No additional configuration is necessary. Which statement describes a route that has been learned dynamically It is automatically updated and maintained by routing protocols. It has an administrative distance of 1. It is identified by the prefix C in the routing table. A network administrator is explaining to a junior colleague the use of the lt and gt keywords when filtering packets using an extended ACL. Where would the lt or gt keywords be used IPv. ACL that stops packets going to one specific destination VLANin an IPv. ACL that allows packets from a range of TCP ports destined for a specific network devicen an IPv. ACL that has specific UDP protocols that are allowed to be used on a specific serverin an IPv. ACL that permits FTP traffic from one particular LAN getting to another LAN1. Refer to the exhibit. How did the router obtain the last route that is shown The ip address interface configuration mode command was used in addition to the network routing protocol configuration mode command. The ipv. 6 route command was used. Another router in the same organization provided the default route by using a dynamic routing protocol. Refer to the exhibit. A Layer 3 switch routes for three VLANs and connects to a router for Internet connectivity. Which two configurations would be applied to the switch Choose two. A network contains multiple VLANs spanning multiple switches. What happens when a device in VLAN 2. Ethernet frame Only devices in VLAN 2. Devices in VLAN 2. VLAN see the frame. Only devices that are connected to the local switch see the frame. All devices in all VLANs see the frame. Match the order in which the link state routing process occurs on a router. Not all options are used. Step 1 Each router learns about its own directly connected networks. Step 2 Each router is responsible for saying hello to its neighbors on directly connected networks. Step 3 Each router builds a Link State Packet LSP containing the state of each directly connected link. Step 4 Each router floods the LSP to all neighbors, who then store all LSPs received in a database. Step 5 Each router uses the database to construct a complete map of the topology and computes the best 1. Which two packet filters could a network administrator use on an IPv. ACL Choose two. computer typesource TCP hello address. ICMP message typedestination UDP port number estination MAC address. Refer to the exhibit. R1 was configured with the static route command ip route 2. S000 and consequently users on network 1. Internet. How should this static route be changed to allow user traffic from the LAN to reach the Internet Add an administrative distance of 2. Change the destination network and mask to 0. Change the exit interface to S001. Add the next hop neighbor address of 2. How is the router ID for an OSPFv. IPv. 6 address on an active interfacethe highest EUI 6. ID on an active interfacethe highest IPv. MAC address on an active interface. Two employees in the Sales department work different shifts with their laptop computers and share the same Ethernet port in the office. Which set of commands would allow only these two laptops to use the Ethernet port and create violation log entry without shutting down the port if a violation occurs Which two factors are important when deciding which interior gateway routing protocol to use Choose two. SP selectionthe autonomous system that is usedcampus backbone architecture. What caused the following error message to appear PM 4 ERRDISABLE psecure violation error detected on Fa. Fa. 08 in err disable state 0. PORTSECURITY 2 PSECUREVIOLATION Security violation occurred, caused by MAC address 0. Fast. Ethernet. 08. LINEPROTO 5 UPDOWN Line protocol on Interface Fast. Ethernet. 08, changed state to down 0. LINK 3 UPDOWN Interface Fast. Ethernet. 08, changed state to down. An unauthorized user tried to telnet to the switch through switch port Fa. NAT was enabled on a router, and a private IP address arrived on switch port Fa. Port security was enabled on the switch port, and an unauthorized connection was made on switch port Fa. Another switch was connected to this switch port with the wrong cable. A host with an invalid IP address was connected to a switch port that was previously unused. Which two statements are characteristics of routed ports on a multilayer switch Choose two. In a switched network, they are mostly configured between switches at the core and distribution layers. Cisco IOS routers. The interface vlan command has to be entered to create a VLAN on routed ports. They are used for point to multipoint links. They are not associated with a particular VLAN. A network administrator is adding ACLs to a new IPv. Which IPv. 6 ACE is automatically added implicitly at the end of an ACL so that two adjacent routers can discover each other Match the switching characteristic to the correct term. Not all options are used. What does the cost of an OSPF link indicateA lower cost indicates a better path to the destination than a higher cost does. A higher cost for an OSPF link indicates a faster path to the destination. Link cost indicates a proportion of the accumulated value of the route to the destination. Refer to the exhibit. The Gigabit interfaces on both routers have been configured with subinterface numbers that match the VLAN numbers connected to them. PCs on VLAN 1. 0 should be able to print to the P1 printer on VLAN 1. PCs on VLAN 2. 0 should print to the printers on VLAN 2. What interface and in what direction should you place a standard ACL that allows printing to P1 from data VLAN 1. PCs on VLAN 2. 0 from using the P1 printerChoose two. S001. R1 S000inbound. R1 Gi. 01. 1. 22 Gi.